[The path leading to knowledge, understanding, memorization, khushūʿ in prayer, etc.]

Answer: The path that leads to attaining knowledge, understanding, and memorization is:
1. Adhering to taqwā of Allah—privately and publicly: “If you fear Allah, He will grant you a criterion …” [Al-Anfāl:29]
2. A sincere desire for seeking knowledge.
3. Perseverance in seeking knowledge, and patience upon that.
4. Do not break yourself or let your hope be cut off if your understanding and memorization are weak: “And do not despair of relief from Allah. Indeed, none despairs of relief from Allah except the disbelieving people.” [Yūsuf:87]
5. Let seeking knowledge be your greatest and most important preoccupation.
The path that leads to khushūʿ in prayer is:
1. That the worshiper bring to heart the abundance of Allah’s favors upon him.
2. That he bring to heart his intense poverty to Allah and his great need of Him; when he recalls these two realities, his soul turns to thanking Allah and humbles itself, imploring before Him because of its great need.
3. A student of knowledge must know that he will face obstacles and problems that may push him to abandon seeking knowledge. He must also know that what he faces is a trial, a test, and a tribulation by which the truthfulness of his intention and determination in seeking knowledge—or their falsity—becomes apparent: if he is truthful in intention and determination, he stands firm, and no hinderer will turn him back from seeking knowledge; if his determination is not truthful, he abandons it.
A student whose parents prevent him from traveling to seek knowledge can seek knowledge without being undutiful to them: treat them with excellence, gentleness, and softness, and seek to win their satisfaction through people of goodness and piety. If he must leave them to migrate for knowledge, let him keep in frequent contact—by phone and letters—reassure them of his safety and well-being, supplicate much that Allah assist him in honoring them and winning their pleasure, and wait for relief, for He, Exalted, said: “And whoever fears Allah—He will make for him a way out.” [At-Ṭalāq:2]
Source : Min Thimār al-ʿIlm wa al-Ḥikmah vol.1