Question: Erecting the right foot and spreading the left is obligatory in the school; is it likewise obligatory in supererogatory prayers? If so, can an obligatory element be part of a nafl?
Question: Is the prayer valid for someone who cannot properly distinguish between ḍād and ẓāʾ, pronouncing ḍād from the point of articulation of ẓāʾ in “al-maghdūbi ʿalayhim wa-lā ḍ-ḍāllīn” [al-Fātiḥah]—bearing in mind that “there is no prayer without the Opening...
Question: A man enters a congregational prayer with intention and takbīr, then becomes absent-minded during the prayer. When he regains his attention, he has forgotten which prayer he is in—Is it ʿIshāʾ, Maghrib, or Fajr? A pillar or two (or...
Question: A man performs the five daily prayers and maintains them, and he prays in congregation as an act of religion and worship of Allah, with no worldly taint in his intention. Then he is chosen to lead the prayer,...
Question: In some mosques and lands, people pray Maghrib at sunset before a night star appears and before darkness. Some therefore doubt praying behind them for ʿIshāʾ and other prayers and impugn the validity of their prayers. What is correct...